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There is dancing, singing, drama, devotional
music and puppet shows and other community festivities which
transform the hardworking Rajasthani into a fun-loving and
carefree individual. Each region has its own folk entertainment,
the dance styles differ as do the songs. Interestingly enough,
even the musical instruments are different.
Of considerable significance are the devotional songs and
the communities who render these songs. Professional performers
like the Bhaats, Dholis, Mirasis, Nats, Bhopas and Bhands
are omnipresent across the state. They are patronised by the
villagers who participate actively in the shows put up by
these travelling entertainers. Some of the better known forms
of entertainment are:
Ghoomar Dance:
This is basically a community dance for women and performed
on. auspicious occasions. Derived from the word ghoomna, piroutte,
this is a very simple dance where the ladies move gently,
gracefully in circles.
Gait Ghoomar: This is one of the many dance-forms
of the Bhil tribals. Performed during Holi festival, this
is among a few performances where both men and women dance
together.
Kalbeliya: This most sensuous dance performed by the
Kalbeliya (Snake-charmar`s community). The sapera dancers
wear long, black skirts embroidered with silver ribbons. As
they spin in a circle, their body sways acrobatically, so
that it is impossible to believe that they are made of anything
other than rubber. As the beat increases in tempo, the pace
increases to such a pitch that it leaves the viewer as exhausted
as the dance.
Gair: Another Holi dance but performed only by men.
This becomes Dandia Gair in Jodhpur and Geendad in Shekhawati.
Charee Dance: This is popular in the Kisherigarh region
and involves dancing with a chari, or pot, on ones head.
A lighted lamp is then placed on the pot.
Kachhi Ghodi: This is a dance performed on dummy horses.
Men in elaborate costumes ride the equally well decorated
dummy horses. Holding naked swords, these dancers move rhythmically
to the beating of drums and fifes. A singer narrates the exploits
of the Bavaria bandits of Shekhawati.
Fire Dance: The Jasnathis of Bikaner and Chum are
renowned for their tantric powers and this dance is in keeping
with their lifestyle. A large ground is prepared with live
wood and charcoal where the Jasnathi men and boys jump on
to the fire to the accompaniment of drum beats. The music
gradually rises in tempo and reaches a crescendo, the dancers
seem to be in a trance like state. Drum Dance: This is a professional
dance-form from Jalore. Five men with huge drums round their
necks, some with huge cymbals accompany a dancer who holds
a naked sword in his mouth and performs vigorously by twirling
three painted sticks.
Teerah Taali: The Kamad community of Pokhran and Deedwana
perform this dance in honour of theft deity, Baba Ramdeo.
A rather unusual performance where the men play a four-stringed
instrument called a chau-tara and the women sit with dozens
of manjeeras, or cymbals, tied on all over their bodies and
strike them with the ones they hold in their hands. Sometimes,
the women also hold a sword between their teeth or place pots
with lighted lamps on their heads.
Kathputli: Puppet plays based on popular legends are
performed by skilled puppeteers. Displaying his skill in making
the puppets act and dance, the puppeteer is accompanied
by a woman, usually his wife, who plays the dholak, or drum
and sings the ballad.
Pabuji Ki Phach: A 14th century folk hero, Pabuji
is revered by the Bhopa community. The phad, or scroll, which
is about 10 metres long, highlights the life and heroic deed
of Pabuji. The Bhopas are invited by villagers to perform
in their areas during times of sickness and misfortune. The
ballad is sung by the Bhopa as he plays the Ravan-hattha and
he is joined by his wife who holds a lamp and illuminates
the relevant portions at appropriate points.
Maand: Rajasthans most sophisticated style of
folk music and has come a long way from the time it was only
sung in royal courts, in praise of the Rajput rulers.
Professional singers still sing the haunting ballads of Moomal
Mahendra, Dhola-Maru and other legendary lovers
and heroes.
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